Type Theories and Models

Introduction to Theories and Models

When exploring personality type, it’s essential to recognize that there isn’t just one model to rule them all. This site highlights three major models (among others), each offering a unique lens into psychological type. Use the menu to dive deeper.

These models are not interchangeable or easily blended. Complexity is inevitable. Instead, begin by understanding the distinct rules and intentions behind each system.

Multiple maps concept

Why Use Multiple Models?

Each model arises from a different psychological lineage, addressing unique aspects of the psyche. They may overlap in curious ways—but they’re not describing the same dimensions. Together, however, they give us a richer, more textured understanding of type.

Some will ask, “Isn’t one model complicated enough by itself?” A fair question—but one worth answering with a metaphor.

Model layers

Understanding Through Metaphor

Imagine you want to measure your IQ. Here’s a test:

r(cos(t) + i sin(t)) * r'(cos(t') + i sin(t')) = r r'(cos(t+t') + i sin(t + t'))

Solve it in under 30 seconds? Your IQ is 100—genius level. Can’t solve it? Then what—you're unintelligent? That would be a narrow definition, wouldn’t it?

Math formula

Broader Measures

Let’s add a second test:

What word rhymes with “orange”?

This taps into linguistic play and creativity—a very different domain. Combining this result with the first starts to build a more rounded picture.

Language creativity

Even Wider Perspectives

Let’s add a third:

Why did the chicken cross the road?

This probes humor, cultural meaning, maybe even irony or divergence. Again, it measures a very different intelligence. Averaging the three scores now yields something more human, more dimensional.

Chicken crossing the road

The Power of Triangulation

My friend Dario Nardi calls this method triangulation. Ancient navigators didn’t rely on one star—they used three points to determine their exact position. One model alone is not adequate to locate the full terrain of the psyche.

Yes, it’s more complex. But if we’re serious about honoring the nuance of psychological type, then we owe it that depth.

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Reading & Invaluable Resources

If you would like to know more about typology in general, here's some useful material.

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Newsletter/Blog - Dolphin Dive

This chronicles how one INFJ is moving through the world.

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Vlog (video blog)

Here are some short videos on various typology topics.

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